Notes: An expressive Nakh-Lezg. isogloss. However, may be archaic: cf. Hurr. zizzi 'mamma, female breast', zizz-u/oχχǝ,zuzz-u/oχχǝ 'spouted jar' (see Diakonoff-Starostin 1986, 44).
Notes: An expressive EC root; besides the PN, Lak. and Darg. forms (which correspond to each other quite well), there is a number of rather distorted reflexes in Lezgian languages: Ag. suṗ-as, Kryz. č̣uw jeriǯ, Bud. č̣up-; cf. also Khin. šib-kʷi.
Notes: A Tsez-Lezg. isogloss. Since words for 'bride' in Caucasian languages are often derived from *c̣ä̆nʔV 'new' (cf. Khin. c̣ɨ-nas, Arch. mac̣at:ur), we may think that this is in fact a derivate = *c̣ä̆n-du-ɫV 'youngling', which would explain the semantic development ( > a) 'bride, bride-groom'; b) 'grandchild').
Notes: Reconstructed for the PEC level. Although the vocalism is hard to reconstruct (probably because of old Ablaut), other correspondences are regular and the etymology seems satisfactory.
Notes: The comparison is probable, although not without problems: just as in the case with 'pear' (PNC *qǖrHV q.v.) the expected strengthening (*c̣wĀ- > *c:ʷa-) did not occur in PWC. Still, the PWC form rather belongs here than to PEC *ʕä̆mćō 'medlar, apple' q.v. (despite Trubetzkoy 1930, 276).
Notes: Reconstructed for the PEC level. If not for the Nakh form, *c̣ilV ( ~ -ī-) could be reconstructed, but PN *ṭ- suggests *c̣w- with loss of labialisation in other languages.
Notes: Reconstructed for the PEC level. The PN form *derc̣ is a metathesis < *c̣erd (cf. also some modern forms reflecting *c̣erc̣ with assimilation), probably going back to the oblique base *c̣_ădV-rV- (other languages reflect also *c̣_ădV-rV-, cf. e.g. Akhv. c̣:ari, as well as *c̣_ădV-lV-, cf. PL *c̣at:al). The metathesis could also be favoured by analogy with *darc 'snowstorm' (see *ʒwVnćV).
Notes: Reconstructed for the PEC level. Not quite clear is the -o-vowel in PN; otherwise correspondences are regular, and the root seems to be reliable.
Notes: Reconstructed for the PEC level. The Lak. word may be borrowed from Darg. (or vice versa), but one of these forms is still genuine. The PN form has a very specific structure - with a prefix *ni- and reduction of the second part. The prefix should be perhaps analysed as the PEC reflexive pronominal stem *HinV- - i.e. *HinV-c̣_ăq̇V '(one's) own power'.
Notes: Reconstructed for the PEC level. Except for the metathesis of laryngeal features in PTs (a rather usual phenomenon in roots containing two stops), correspondences are regular.
Notes: An interesting term (reconstructed for the PEC level). Phonetic correspondences are regular (except for vocalic reflexes in Darg. and Lak., which are usual for contexts with labialised consonants; perhaps we should attribute it to the proximity of labial -m-). Cf. also Hurr. aʒammi 'image, figure' (= 'idol'), see Diakonoff-Starostin 1986, 22.
Notes: Reconstructed for the PEC level. Correspondences are regular. {Relationship to Oss. cyrt / cirt 'tombstone', provisionally < *čiɵra- 'sign', see Abaev 1, 325, has to be cleared up.}.
